- N +

magnitude error,realies與realize的區別

大家好,關于magnitude error很多朋友都還不太明白,不過沒關系,因為今天小編就來為大家分享關于realies與realize的區別的知識點,相信應該可以解決大家的一些困惑和問題,如果碰巧可以解決您的問題,還望關注下本站哦,希望對各位有所幫助!

realies與realize的區別

一、表達意思不同

1、realize:了解,意識到;(所擔心的事)發生,產生;實現(目標、夢想等);(充分)發揮出自己的潛力;把(概念等)具體表現出來;用(語言特征)表達;對(記譜不全的樂曲)做完整兌譜改編;獲得(金錢,利潤);變現,變賣(資產)。

2、realise:認識到,明白。

二、用法不同

1、realize:realize可用作及物動詞,也可用作不及物動詞。用作及物動詞時,可接名詞、代詞或that/wh-從句作賓語。

2、realise:通常在句中作動詞,修飾主語或賓語。

如何在linux suse中配置NTP服務器

在suse上配置ntp

$vim/etc/ntp.conf

#增加時間源

server192.168.56.1

$chkconfigntpon#在系統重啟時啟動服務

$servicentpstart#啟動ntp

$servicentpstatus#查看ntp狀態

問題:

1)為什么在故意改了一個錯誤的時間,ntpd沒有更新時間?

如果差異很大,需要重新doinganInitialSynchronization,IfthetimeonthelocalserverisverydifferentfromthatofitsprimarytimeserveryourNTPdaemonwilleventuallyterminateitselfleavinganerrormessageinthe/var/log/messagesfile.Youshouldrunthentpdate-ucommandtoforceyourservertobecomeinstantlysynchronizedwithitsNTPserversbeforestartingtheNTPdaemonforthefirsttime.Thentpdatecommanddoesn'truncontinuouslyinthebackground,youwillstillhavetorunthentpddaemontogetcontinuousNTPupdates.

2)/etc/ntp.conf中選擇主NTPServer

選擇了哪個server做為主server是按stratum的大小決定的?應該不是,由ntp的算法決定,如在virtualbox中的suse怎么樣都無法選擇外部時鐘源,ntpd在幾次polltime后算法就決定使用local源,郁悶啊。由于是虛擬機中運行,時鐘和cpu的頻率有關系,跳得比真實的硬件快,在virtaulbox中ntp的算法認為local源比外部源更準確就使用了local的,解決的方法可以去掉local源,只使用外部源或者在crontab中每分鐘執行一次ntpdate了。

即使把本機的stratum設置為比外部源更高的,過了一段時間以后,virtualbox中的suse還是選擇了local,郁悶again

fudge127.127.1.0stratum12#notdisciplined

remoterefidsttwhenpollreachdelayoffsetjitter

==============================================================================

LOCAL(0).LOCL.15l96410.0000.0000.002

192.168.56.1139.114.32.13414u86413.739-53.0450.002

注意最開始的時候,ip地址前面是沒有符號的,poll幾次以后ntp就會選擇一個主時間源,前面帶*號標識。

3)windows上的ntpserver配置

官方ntp.org推薦的win上的ntpserver,http://www.meinberg.de/german/sw/ntp.htm

3)如何知道ntp的運行狀態

使用ntpq命令

$watchntpq-p#可以使用watch命令來查看一段時間內服務器各項數值的變化

使用ntpq命令查看與您同步的服務器.它提供你一份時間服務器配置清單,包括延誤值(delay),偏差值(offset)和抖動值(jitter).為了能正確同步,延遲值和偏移值應該不為零,抖動值(jitter)應小于100.

$/usr/local/ntp/bin/ntpq-p

顯示如下:

remoterefidsttwhenpollreachdelayoffsetjitter

========================================================

time.nist.gov.ACTS.1u1606102422357.845334.37571.122

*LOCAL(0).LOCL.10l11643770.0000.0000.001

ntpq-p可以列出目前我們的NTP與相關的上層NTP的狀態,幾個字段的意義為:

remote:亦即是NTP主機的IP或主機名稱啰~注意最左邊的符號,http://www.ece.udel.edu/~mills/ntp/html/decode.html#peer

*

它告訴我們遠端的服務器已經被確認為我們的主NTPServer,我們系統的時間將由這臺機器所提供

+

它將作為輔助的NTPServer和帶有*號的服務器一起為我們提供同步服務.當*號服務器不可用時它就可以接管

-

遠程服務器被clusteringalgorithm認為是不合格的NTPServer

x

遠程服務器不可用

refid:參考的上一層NTP主機的地址

st:stratum階層

when:幾秒鐘前曾經做過時間同步化更新的動作;

poll:下一次更新在幾秒鐘之后;

reach:已經向上層NTP服務器要求更新的次數

delay:網絡傳輸過程當中延遲的時間,單位為10^(-6)秒

offset:時間補償的結果,單位與10^(-6)秒

jitter:Linux系統時間與BIOS硬件時間的差異時間,單位為10^(-6)秒。

也可以檢查一下BIOS時間與Linux系統時間的差異,就是/var/lib/ntp/drift的內容,就能了解到Linux系統時間與BIOS硬件時鐘到底差多久?單位為10^(-6)秒

下面的從http://www.meinberg.de/english/info/ntp.htm上摘下來的,詳細說明了ntpq-p輸出的每個列的意思,reach列為377表示前8次同步都成功。

CheckingtheNTPStatus

ThecommandlineutilityntpqcanbeusedtocheckthestatusofaNTPdaemononeitherthelocalmachineoronaremotehost.

ntpqcanberuninaninteractivemodeorinbatchmode.Inbatchmode,ntpqexecutesacommandandreturnstothecommandprompt.Theparameter-p('peers')letsntpqprintthestatusofaNTPdaemon.Enter

ntpq-p

todisplaythestatusofthedaemononthelocalmachine,or

ntpq-pntp_server

todisplaythestatusofthedaemonontheremotehostntp_server.ThecommandshouldprintatablewithonestatuslineforeachreferencetimesourcewhichhasbeenconfiguredfortheNTPdaemononthespecifiedhost:

remoterefidsttwhenpollreachdelayoffsetjitter

=======================================================================

LOCAL(0)LOCAL(0)12l30643770.0000.0000.000

*GENERIC(0).DCFa.0-24643770.0000.0500.003

+172.16.3.103.PPS.1u36643771.306-0.0190.043

ThetableaboveshowstheoutputforaNTPdaemonwhichhas3referencetimesources:itsownlocalclock,aDCF77radioclockasrefclock-0,plusanNTPdaemononthenetwork,withIPaddress172.16.3.103.

Ifthefirstcharacterofalineisnotblankthenitcontainsaqualifierforthecorrespondingreferencetimesource.Immediatelyafterthedaemonhasbeenstartedallqualifiersareblank.TheNTPdaemonneedsseveralpollingcyclestochecktheavailabletimesourcesanddeclareoneofthemasthereferenceitsynchronizesto.

Anasterisk*inthefirstcolumnmarksthereferencetimesourcewhichiscurrentlypreferredbytheNTPdaemon,the+charactermarkshighqualitycandidatesforthereferencetimewhichcouldbeusedifthecurrentlyselectedreferencetimesourceshouldbecomeunavailable.

ThecolumnremotedisplaystheIPaddressorthehostnameofthereferencetimesource,whereLOCALreferstothelocalclock.Therefidshowsthetypeofthereferenceclock,wheree.g.LOCALorLCLreferstothelocalclockagain,.DCFa.referstoastandardDCF77timesource,and.PPS.indicatesthatthereferenceclockisdisciplinedbyahardwarepulse-per-secondsignal.Otheridentifiersarepossible,dependingonthetypeofthereferenceclock.

Thecolumnstreflectsthestratumnumberofthereferencetimesource.Intheexampleabove,thelocalclockhasstratum12,theremotetimeserverat172.16.3.103hasstratum1whichisthebestyoucanseeacrossthenetwork,andthelocalradioclockhasstratum0,sotheradioclockiscurrentlybeingpreferred.

Everytimeawhencountreachesthepollnumberinthesameline,theNTPdaemonqueriesthetimefromthecorrespondingtimesourceandresetsthewhencountto0.Thequeryresultsofeachpollingcyclearefilteredandusedasameasurefortheclock'squalityandreachability.

Thecolumnreachshowsifareferencetimesourcecouldbereachedatthelastpollingintervals,i.e.datacouldbereadfromthereferencetimesource,andthereferencetimesourcewassynchronized.Thevaluemustbeinterpretedasan8bitshiftregisterwhosecontentsisforhistoricalreasonsdisplayedasoctalvalues.IftheNTPdaemonhasjustbeenstarted,thevalueis0.Eachtimeaquerywassuccessfula'1'isshiftedinfromtheright,soafterthedaemonhasbeenstartedthesequenceofreachnumbersis0,1,3,7,17,37,77,177,377.Themaximumvalue377meansthattheeightlastquerieswerecompletedsuccessfully.

Queriesareconsideredsuccessfulifdatacanbereceivedfromthetimesource,andthetimesourceinturnclaimstobesynchronizedtosomeothertimesource.Incaseofahardwarereferenceclockthismeansthequeryconsideredunsuccessfulifthehardwarereferenceclockisnotsynchronizedtoitsincomingtimesignal,e.g.becausetheclock'santennahasbeendisconnected,orifnodatacanbereceivede.g.becausetheserialcabletoanexternaldevicehasbeendisconnected.

TheNTPdaemonmusthavereachedareferencetimesourceseveraltimes(reachnot0)beforeitselectsapreferredtimesourceandputsanasteriskinthefirstcolumn.

Thecolumnsdelay,offsetandjittershowsometimingvalueswhicharederivedfromthequeryresults.Insomeversionsofntpqthelastcolumnislabeleddisp(fordispersion)insteadofjitter.Allvaluesareininmilliseconds.Thedelayvalueisderivedfromtheroundtriptimeofthequeries.Theoffsetvalueshowsthedifferencebetweenthereferencetimeandthesystemclock.Thejittervalueindicatesthemagnitudeofjitterbetweenseveraltimequeries.

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