大家好,關于magnitude error很多朋友都還不太明白,不過沒關系,因為今天小編就來為大家分享關于realies與realize的區別的知識點,相信應該可以解決大家的一些困惑和問題,如果碰巧可以解決您的問題,還望關注下本站哦,希望對各位有所幫助!
realies與realize的區別
一、表達意思不同
1、realize:了解,意識到;(所擔心的事)發生,產生;實現(目標、夢想等);(充分)發揮出自己的潛力;把(概念等)具體表現出來;用(語言特征)表達;對(記譜不全的樂曲)做完整兌譜改編;獲得(金錢,利潤);變現,變賣(資產)。
2、realise:認識到,明白。
二、用法不同
1、realize:realize可用作及物動詞,也可用作不及物動詞。用作及物動詞時,可接名詞、代詞或that/wh-從句作賓語。
2、realise:通常在句中作動詞,修飾主語或賓語。
如何在linux suse中配置NTP服務器
在suse上配置ntp
$vim/etc/ntp.conf
#增加時間源
server192.168.56.1
$chkconfigntpon#在系統重啟時啟動服務
$servicentpstart#啟動ntp
$servicentpstatus#查看ntp狀態
問題:
1)為什么在故意改了一個錯誤的時間,ntpd沒有更新時間?
如果差異很大,需要重新doinganInitialSynchronization,IfthetimeonthelocalserverisverydifferentfromthatofitsprimarytimeserveryourNTPdaemonwilleventuallyterminateitselfleavinganerrormessageinthe/var/log/messagesfile.Youshouldrunthentpdate-ucommandtoforceyourservertobecomeinstantlysynchronizedwithitsNTPserversbeforestartingtheNTPdaemonforthefirsttime.Thentpdatecommanddoesn'truncontinuouslyinthebackground,youwillstillhavetorunthentpddaemontogetcontinuousNTPupdates.
2)/etc/ntp.conf中選擇主NTPServer
選擇了哪個server做為主server是按stratum的大小決定的?應該不是,由ntp的算法決定,如在virtualbox中的suse怎么樣都無法選擇外部時鐘源,ntpd在幾次polltime后算法就決定使用local源,郁悶啊。由于是虛擬機中運行,時鐘和cpu的頻率有關系,跳得比真實的硬件快,在virtaulbox中ntp的算法認為local源比外部源更準確就使用了local的,解決的方法可以去掉local源,只使用外部源或者在crontab中每分鐘執行一次ntpdate了。
即使把本機的stratum設置為比外部源更高的,過了一段時間以后,virtualbox中的suse還是選擇了local,郁悶again
fudge127.127.1.0stratum12#notdisciplined
remoterefidsttwhenpollreachdelayoffsetjitter
==============================================================================
LOCAL(0).LOCL.15l96410.0000.0000.002
192.168.56.1139.114.32.13414u86413.739-53.0450.002
注意最開始的時候,ip地址前面是沒有符號的,poll幾次以后ntp就會選擇一個主時間源,前面帶*號標識。
3)windows上的ntpserver配置
官方ntp.org推薦的win上的ntpserver,http://www.meinberg.de/german/sw/ntp.htm
3)如何知道ntp的運行狀態
使用ntpq命令
$watchntpq-p#可以使用watch命令來查看一段時間內服務器各項數值的變化
使用ntpq命令查看與您同步的服務器.它提供你一份時間服務器配置清單,包括延誤值(delay),偏差值(offset)和抖動值(jitter).為了能正確同步,延遲值和偏移值應該不為零,抖動值(jitter)應小于100.
$/usr/local/ntp/bin/ntpq-p
顯示如下:
remoterefidsttwhenpollreachdelayoffsetjitter
========================================================
time.nist.gov.ACTS.1u1606102422357.845334.37571.122
*LOCAL(0).LOCL.10l11643770.0000.0000.001
ntpq-p可以列出目前我們的NTP與相關的上層NTP的狀態,幾個字段的意義為:
remote:亦即是NTP主機的IP或主機名稱啰~注意最左邊的符號,http://www.ece.udel.edu/~mills/ntp/html/decode.html#peer
*
它告訴我們遠端的服務器已經被確認為我們的主NTPServer,我們系統的時間將由這臺機器所提供
+
它將作為輔助的NTPServer和帶有*號的服務器一起為我們提供同步服務.當*號服務器不可用時它就可以接管
-
遠程服務器被clusteringalgorithm認為是不合格的NTPServer
x
遠程服務器不可用
refid:參考的上一層NTP主機的地址
st:stratum階層
when:幾秒鐘前曾經做過時間同步化更新的動作;
poll:下一次更新在幾秒鐘之后;
reach:已經向上層NTP服務器要求更新的次數
delay:網絡傳輸過程當中延遲的時間,單位為10^(-6)秒
offset:時間補償的結果,單位與10^(-6)秒
jitter:Linux系統時間與BIOS硬件時間的差異時間,單位為10^(-6)秒。
也可以檢查一下BIOS時間與Linux系統時間的差異,就是/var/lib/ntp/drift的內容,就能了解到Linux系統時間與BIOS硬件時鐘到底差多久?單位為10^(-6)秒
下面的從http://www.meinberg.de/english/info/ntp.htm上摘下來的,詳細說明了ntpq-p輸出的每個列的意思,reach列為377表示前8次同步都成功。
CheckingtheNTPStatus
ThecommandlineutilityntpqcanbeusedtocheckthestatusofaNTPdaemononeitherthelocalmachineoronaremotehost.
ntpqcanberuninaninteractivemodeorinbatchmode.Inbatchmode,ntpqexecutesacommandandreturnstothecommandprompt.Theparameter-p('peers')letsntpqprintthestatusofaNTPdaemon.Enter
ntpq-p
todisplaythestatusofthedaemononthelocalmachine,or
ntpq-pntp_server
todisplaythestatusofthedaemonontheremotehostntp_server.ThecommandshouldprintatablewithonestatuslineforeachreferencetimesourcewhichhasbeenconfiguredfortheNTPdaemononthespecifiedhost:
remoterefidsttwhenpollreachdelayoffsetjitter
=======================================================================
LOCAL(0)LOCAL(0)12l30643770.0000.0000.000
*GENERIC(0).DCFa.0-24643770.0000.0500.003
+172.16.3.103.PPS.1u36643771.306-0.0190.043
ThetableaboveshowstheoutputforaNTPdaemonwhichhas3referencetimesources:itsownlocalclock,aDCF77radioclockasrefclock-0,plusanNTPdaemononthenetwork,withIPaddress172.16.3.103.
Ifthefirstcharacterofalineisnotblankthenitcontainsaqualifierforthecorrespondingreferencetimesource.Immediatelyafterthedaemonhasbeenstartedallqualifiersareblank.TheNTPdaemonneedsseveralpollingcyclestochecktheavailabletimesourcesanddeclareoneofthemasthereferenceitsynchronizesto.
Anasterisk*inthefirstcolumnmarksthereferencetimesourcewhichiscurrentlypreferredbytheNTPdaemon,the+charactermarkshighqualitycandidatesforthereferencetimewhichcouldbeusedifthecurrentlyselectedreferencetimesourceshouldbecomeunavailable.
ThecolumnremotedisplaystheIPaddressorthehostnameofthereferencetimesource,whereLOCALreferstothelocalclock.Therefidshowsthetypeofthereferenceclock,wheree.g.LOCALorLCLreferstothelocalclockagain,.DCFa.referstoastandardDCF77timesource,and.PPS.indicatesthatthereferenceclockisdisciplinedbyahardwarepulse-per-secondsignal.Otheridentifiersarepossible,dependingonthetypeofthereferenceclock.
Thecolumnstreflectsthestratumnumberofthereferencetimesource.Intheexampleabove,thelocalclockhasstratum12,theremotetimeserverat172.16.3.103hasstratum1whichisthebestyoucanseeacrossthenetwork,andthelocalradioclockhasstratum0,sotheradioclockiscurrentlybeingpreferred.
Everytimeawhencountreachesthepollnumberinthesameline,theNTPdaemonqueriesthetimefromthecorrespondingtimesourceandresetsthewhencountto0.Thequeryresultsofeachpollingcyclearefilteredandusedasameasurefortheclock'squalityandreachability.
Thecolumnreachshowsifareferencetimesourcecouldbereachedatthelastpollingintervals,i.e.datacouldbereadfromthereferencetimesource,andthereferencetimesourcewassynchronized.Thevaluemustbeinterpretedasan8bitshiftregisterwhosecontentsisforhistoricalreasonsdisplayedasoctalvalues.IftheNTPdaemonhasjustbeenstarted,thevalueis0.Eachtimeaquerywassuccessfula'1'isshiftedinfromtheright,soafterthedaemonhasbeenstartedthesequenceofreachnumbersis0,1,3,7,17,37,77,177,377.Themaximumvalue377meansthattheeightlastquerieswerecompletedsuccessfully.
Queriesareconsideredsuccessfulifdatacanbereceivedfromthetimesource,andthetimesourceinturnclaimstobesynchronizedtosomeothertimesource.Incaseofahardwarereferenceclockthismeansthequeryconsideredunsuccessfulifthehardwarereferenceclockisnotsynchronizedtoitsincomingtimesignal,e.g.becausetheclock'santennahasbeendisconnected,orifnodatacanbereceivede.g.becausetheserialcabletoanexternaldevicehasbeendisconnected.
TheNTPdaemonmusthavereachedareferencetimesourceseveraltimes(reachnot0)beforeitselectsapreferredtimesourceandputsanasteriskinthefirstcolumn.
Thecolumnsdelay,offsetandjittershowsometimingvalueswhicharederivedfromthequeryresults.Insomeversionsofntpqthelastcolumnislabeleddisp(fordispersion)insteadofjitter.Allvaluesareininmilliseconds.Thedelayvalueisderivedfromtheroundtriptimeofthequeries.Theoffsetvalueshowsthedifferencebetweenthereferencetimeandthesystemclock.Thejittervalueindicatesthemagnitudeofjitterbetweenseveraltimequeries.
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